Sleep Medicine Centre / Unusual behaviour in sleep
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Unusual behaviour in sleep

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Sleep problems

The Sleep Medicine Center also investigates and treats a group of sleep disorders that involve unusual behaviors, movements, emotions or perceptions while falling asleep, staying asleep or waking up. Collectively, these disorders are called parasomnias. These include sleepwalking, night terrors, sleep talking or nightmares. These phenomena are often related to stress, sleep deprivation or other disorders. Parasomnias can interfere with the quality of sleep and sometimes compromise the safety of the sufferer or those around them.

Another area that CSM addresses is movement disorders of sleep. These include several clinically distinct disorders. These may include recurrent twitching of the legs or arms during sleep, urges to move the lower limbs, especially in the evening and before falling asleep, or vivid and often violent movements, screaming, gesticulating or even falling out of bed.

 

How does the examination work?

You come to the sleep centre at a pre-arranged time. After registration, you will be examined by a specialist who will discuss with you in detail the nature of your movements, your family and personal history and any neurological symptoms.

If indicated, you will be invited to have an EEG, MRI or nocturnal polysomnographic examination to record not only sleep phases, respiratory activity and oxygenation, but also limb movements and muscle activity. For parasomnias or REM behavioural disorders, the examination is ideally performed with video recording for retrospective analysis of behaviour during sleep.

 

Treatment of sleep movement disorders

Treatment always depends on the specific diagnosis and the severity of the difficulty. It may include:

  • Modification of sleep hygiene and lifestyle
  • Pharmacotherapy
  • Psychotherapy
  • Safety measures

In some cases, a neurological examination or the addition of laboratory tests, especially iron levels (for RLS) or screening for neurodegenerative disease (for RBD), may be appropriate.

Risk factors for the development of sleep movement disorders

IRON DEFICIENCY
Low blood ferritin levels may be a trigger for restless legs syndrome.
ONGOING DISEASE
Neurodegenerative or autoimmune diseases can affect the quality of the REM phase.
MEDICATIONS AND STIMULANTS
The use of certain antidepressants, antihistamines or caffeine may worsen the movement patterns in sleep.
ALCOHOL AND NICOTINE
Both substances negatively affect sleep architecture and can promote nighttime restlessness.
AGE
Some disorders, such as REM behavioral disorder, are more common in men after the age of fifty.
STRESS AND SLEEP DEPRIVATION
These factors increase the risk of parasomnias, especially sleepwalking and night terrors.

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Rehabilitation Hospital of Beroun

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266 56 Beroun www.nemocnice-beroun.cz
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